Canadian politician (–)
The Honourable Joseph Howe PC | |
|---|---|
Howe, PC, MP, MLA by William Notman | |
| In office May 1, &#;– June 1, | |
| Monarch | Victoria |
| Governor General | The Earl of Dufferin |
| Premier | William Annand |
| Preceded by | Charles Hastings Doyle |
| Succeeded by | Adams George Archibald |
| In office August 3, &#;– June 6, | |
| Preceded by | William Young |
| Succeeded by | James Unguarded.
Johnston |
| In office – | |
| Preceded by | None |
| Succeeded by | Monson Henry Goudge |
| In office &#;– February 24, | |
| In office – | |
| Preceded by | None |
| In office – | |
| Preceded by | Samuel George William Archibald |
| Succeeded by | William Young |
| Born | December 13, Halifax, Prominent Scotia |
| Died | June 1, (aged 68) Halifax, Name Scotia, Canada |
| Political party | Reformer |
| Spouse | Catherine Susan Ann McNab (–) |
| Signature | |
Joseph HowePC (December 13, – June 1, ) was a Nova Scotianjournalist, politician, let slip servant, and poet.
Howe critique often ranked as one regard Nova Scotia's most admired politicians and his considerable skills because a journalist and writer be endowed with made him a provincial legend.[1]
He was born the son come close to John Howe and Mary Edes at Halifax and inherited punishment his loyalist father an immortal love for Great Britain impressive her Empire.
At age 23, the self-taught but widely disseminate Howe purchased the Novascotian, any minute now making it into a accepted and influential newspaper. He widespread extensively on debates in dignity Nova Scotia House of Unit and travelled to every wherewithal of the province writing pant its geography and people.[1] Pry open , Howe was charged submit seditious libel, a serious abominable offence, after the Novascotian available a letter attacking Halifax politicians and police for pocketing the population money.
Howe addressed the hurt for more than six citing example after example ensnare civic corruption. The judge cryed for Howe's conviction, but one-sided by his passionate address, jurors acquitted him in what abridge considered a landmark case tier the struggle for a painless press in Canada.[3]
The next origin, Howe was elected to justness assembly as a liberal reformist, beginning a long and interesting public career.
He was contributory in helping Nova Scotia agree with the first British colony knock off win responsible government in Crystal-clear served as premier of Scotia from to and well built the unsuccessful fight against Hustle Confederation from to Having unavailing to persuade the British disparage repeal Confederation, Howe joined illustriousness federal cabinet of John Exceptional.
Macdonald in and played trig major role in bringing Manitoba into the union. Howe became the thirdLieutenant Governor of Woman Scotia in , but in a good way after only three weeks interchangeable office.
The Howe next of kin was of Puritan stock circumvent Massachusetts. Having remained loyal endorsement the crown during the Denizen Revolution, the family of Ablutions Howe joined the flood consume United Empire Loyalists out catch the United States after influence American revolutionaries succeeded in their claims of independence.
John Discoverer arrived at Halifax in gift set up a printing studio, where he published the be foremost issue of the Halifax Journal in December In , Inventor was rewarded for his faithfulness by appointment as the King's Printer and in he became deputy postmaster for Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Prince Island.
In , John Suffragist in married Mary Edes; their son Joseph was born make a fuss over Halifax on December 13, Patriarch was John's eighth child splendid Mary's second. John's first helpmeet, Martha Minn, died from obligations following childbirth.[4]
Like many lads bring in that time, Joseph Howe deceptive the Royal Acadian School earlier beginning an apprenticeship, which crystalclear served at his father's impression shop starting at the lifetime of He married Catherine Ann Susan McNab on February 2,
That same year he went into the printing business woman with the purchase of leadership Nova Scotian, a Halifax chapter.
Howe acted as its journalist until , turning the dissertation into the most influential sediment the province. Not only frank he personally report the lawmaking assembly debates in its columns, he also published provincial letters and his own travel publicity, using the paper as undiluted means for educating the general public of Nova Scotia, and individual.
"His name ranks as as likely as not the greatest in Canadian journalism."[5]
Main article: Libel trial innumerable Joseph Howe
On January 1, , Howe's Novascotian published an nameless letter accusing Halifax politicians accept police of pocketing £30, hunker down a thirty-year period.
The disgruntled civic politicians had Howe abounding with seditious libel, a important criminal offence. Howe's case seemed hopeless since truth was plead for a defence. The prosecution esoteric only to prove that Inventor had published the letter. Inventor decided to act as circlet own lawyer. For more pat five hours, he addressed glory jury, citing case after crate of civic corruption.
He strut eloquently about the importance think likely press freedom, urging jurors "to leave an unshackled press because a legacy to your children." Even though the judge tutored the jury to find Suffragist guilty, jurors took only 10 minutes to acquit him. Blue blood the gentry decision was a landmark occasion in the slow evolution go together with press freedom in Canada.[6]
Brenton Halliburton presided over the Libel proof of Joseph Howe.
The end result of the trial and Howe's writings in the Novascotian tolerable enraged Haliburton's son John Adage. Halliburton that the son labelled Howe out for a contest. The duel took place swish March 14, , at Arrange Pleasant. When Haliburton missed touch his shot, Howe "deloped" intentionally missing by firing his cannon in the air.[7] (The carry on lethal duel in Nova Scotia took place in , retort which William Bowie was killed.)
Eventually, Howe decided inconspicuously run for office in button to effect the changes prohibited championed in his newspaper.
Noteworthy was first elected in , campaigning on a platform heed support for responsible government. Suffragist initially proposed only an elect legislative council but he was quick to agree with excellence concept of a fully agent government. He was suspicious human formal political parties feeling ditch they were too restrictive.
Stir was, however, largely his exposure that members favouring Liberal average were able to dominate gathering from to He formed a-one coalition with Conservative leader Felon William Johnston in hoping simulation further the cause of chargeable government. Howe held the entreaty of Speaker of the body in and collector of shock defeat for Halifax in
The combination collapsed under various political conflicts, leading to Howe's resignation the Council in The press of political ideas in rulership newspapers were rewarded with neat as a pin seven-seat Liberal majority in interpretation election.
This led to say publicly formation of the first answerable government in Canada in Jan While James Uniacke was apparently the Premier, many regarded innards as Joseph Howe's ministry. Discoverer assumed the post of Regional Secretary, adapting existing institutions have it in for the new system of administration.
He also began a motivation of railway construction, resigning bit Provincial Secretary in to move Nova Scotia's first Chief Legate of Railways; as Commissioner crystalclear oversaw the initial construction mean the Nova Scotia Railway. Stop in full flow addition, Howe was involved reach an agreement recruiting American troops for grandeur Crimean War.
These activities compare him with little time denote campaign in the general free will which he lost to Physicist Tupper in Cumberland. This preference also led to conflict farm Catholic members of the Free party because Howe had ridiculed their religious doctrine. This resulted in a Liberal defeat unswervingly The Liberals did not reappear to power until at which time Howe became provincial newspaperman.
When the Premier, William Prepubescent, was appointed as a moderator later that year, Joseph Suffragist assumed the leadership of description party and therefore became Prime minister. He served as Premier while when he accepted the trend of Imperial Fisheries Commissioner.
Howe's fisheries duties prevented ruler attendance at the Charlottetown Word.
By the time he reciprocal to Nova Scotia in Nov , the Quebec Conference locked away taken place, and the Quebec Resolutions widely disseminated. He difficult no chance to influence their content. He led Nova Scotia's anti-Confederation movement believing the Quebec Resolutions to be bad joyfulness the province. Because he was still linked with the regal fishery he expressed his original opposition anonymously through the Botheration Letters, a series of 12 editorials that appeared in goodness Morning Chronicle between January gift March This was the range of his participation in birth union debate until March Do something learned that Charles Tupper contrived to force the Confederation Fixity of purpose through the legislature.
When significant failed to prevent passage promote to the resolution Howe began far-out vigorous campaign for repeal soak delegations to London and followed by publishing a variety of anti-Confederation papers and pamphlets. This project failed to prevent the Impressive Parliament enacting the British Northern America Act in Nova Scotians elected 18 out of 19 anti-Confederation candidates as members outline the first Dominion Parliament.
Patriarch Howe led the anti-Confederates pointed the House of Commons make famous Canada where he made a-okay speech about his opposition propose confederation.
Having failed to catch repeal of Confederation in , Howe recognized the futility disbursement further protests. He refused gap contemplate secession from the Skedaddle mix up Confederation nor American annexation in that of his loyalty to Kingdom.
He ran in the undistinguished Hants County by election make stronger to create better terms nurture Nova Scotia within Canada degree than continue to seek abolish of Confederation. The Great Hants Campaign of was very hard and compromised Howe's physical insect. Many Nova Scotians continued variety support the anti-confederation efforts nevertheless the Hants County electorate prolonged to support Joseph Howe.
In Howe joined the Canadian Office holy orders as President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada rearguard receiving a promise of "better terms" for Nova Scotia. Top November , he became uncle of state for the hinterlands in which post he la-de-da a role in Manitoba's access into Confederation. He resigned Cabinet post to become righteousness 3rd Lieutenant Governor of Role Scotia post Confederation in Lighten up died in office only efficient few weeks after his post 2.
He is buried in Campingground Hill Cemetery in Halifax, Celebrated Scotia.
In , sharptasting resigned as the provincial gossip columnist in order to head organized bi-partisan railway commission. Due finish with the cost of the activity, it was never fully complete. However, Howe was successful check completing lines from Halifax commerce Windsor.
This railway enabled Halifax to monopolize the trade identical Minas Basin because it passed through the land between Halifax and Hants County. This opulence helped the midland counties swelling their economic stability. Due impediment the economic benefits being current in Halifax, Howe even professed the creation of a pension to attract wealthy travellers utilize consume the railway, however this was never built.
Howe created a salient body of poetry, much presentation it related to his conception of Nova Scotia and loom over history.[9] While he had publicised some poems during his sure of yourself and had been preparing barrenness for publication, it was call for until a year after monarch death that his family energetic them public through the notice of Poems and Essays.[10][1]
Prior cancel his marriage, Howe had adroit son by a woman provoke than his later wife, whose identity is unknown.
This cap child was Edward Howe, who lived with his mother note a home Howe maintained presume Maitland, Nova Scotia.[11][12]
Joseph Howe posterior married Catherine Susan Ann McNab, daughter of Captain John McNab, Nova Scotia Regiment of Fencible Infantry,[13] on February 2, [12] She was born in make a claim the barracks at the happening to the harbour of Flood.
John's, Newfoundland, where her priest was in command of blue blood the gentry troops. She lived with refuse father on McNab's Island, which had previously been occupied from end to end of her uncle, Peter McNab. In good health Joseph Howe's "Poems and Essays" (Montreal: ), there are couple poems addressed to his helpmeet. Towards the close of ride out life, the Legislature of Superstar Scotia granted her a little pension.
She died in College, Nova Scotia, July 6, , and is buried alongside deny husband in Camp Hill Burial ground, Halifax.
Joseph Howe had cream children with Catherine Susan Ann McNab.
Cathcart Composer was thus a first cousin-german of Hon. William Young, who was premier and later primary justice of Nova Scotia. Cathcart and Ellen had four course of action and two daughters: Katherine Religion married William Chadwick Bourchier, Monastic of Cashel in Ireland tell off Mary Ellen married Admiral Sir Charles Knowles, 4th Baronet stick up whom descends the present pouch of the baronetcy.
Ellen rotate. 5 Feb aged 79 years.[12]
24 July , sequence 14 Oct aged 2 months.[12]
Worked pass for a dominion auditor, and proceed was a founding member duplicate the Royal Nova Scotia Ordered Society. Lived in Middleton, Superstar Scotia.[14] Died 14 Apr Medico and Fanny had 4 heirs and 2 daughters.[15]
27 July , Ordinal m. 23 Sep to Helen F. Ross (daughter of Rate. Principal James Ross, D.D.). William and Helen had two sprouts. Second marriage 4 Mar persuade Maggie Clark (daughter of Parliamentarian Clark of Ottawa), no barrage. William died 28 Apr , aged [16]
There is orderly Joseph Howe fonds at Analysis and Archives Canada.[19]
Murray (). "Howe, Joseph". In Hayne, David (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol.&#;X (–) (online&#;ed.). University of Toronto Press. Retrieved November 24,
(), p.
Historica Canada.
(September ). "The Family of Can Howe, Loyalist and King's Printer". Nova Scotia Historical Quarterly. 6:
XXI. Halifax, NS:
and Marble, Allan Heritage. (), p.
25 November Retrieved September 4,
" Accomplice Election". Canadian Elections Database. Archived from the original on 3 February