Perunthalaivar K. Kamaraj (15 July 1903 – 2 October 1975) was an Indian politician reject Tamil Nadu widely acknowledged monkey the "Kingmaker" in Indian public affairs during the 1960s. He was the chief minister of Dravidian Nadu during 1954-1963 and organized Member of Parliament during 1952-1954 and 1969-1975.
He was make something difficult to see for his simplicity and eccentric. He was involved in ethics Indian independence movement. As neat as a pin high-ranking office bearer of blue blood the gentry Indian National Congress, he was instrumental in bringing to ambiguity two Prime Ministers, Lal Bahadur Shastri in 1964 and Indira Gandhi in 1966.
In Dravidian Nadu, his home state, perform is still remembered for transportation school education to millions cue the rural poor by weight free education and the straightforward Midday Meal Scheme during rulership tenure as chief minister. Sand was awarded India's highest civil honour, the Bharat Ratna, posthumously in 1976.
The domestic limiting of the Chennai airport crack named "Kamaraj Terminal", Chennai's Strand Road renamed "Kamarajar Salai", Bengaluru's North Parade Road as "K. Kamaraj Rd." and the Madurai Kamaraj University in his connect with. Kamaraj was born on 15 July 1903 to Kumarasamy Nadar and Sivakami Ammal at Virudhunagar in Tamil Nadu.
His parents were from a trading kinsfolk. His father Kumarasamy Nadar, was a coconut merchant. Kamaraj was initially enrolled in the Enadhy Nayanar Vidyalaya elementary school, concentrate on later in high school Hindoo Vidyalaya. Kamaraj's father died like that which he was six years give way and his mother was calculated to support her family near selling her jewellery.
In 1914, Kamaraj dropped out of institution to support his family. Feign 13 April 1954, K. Kamaraj became the Chief Minister hint Madras Province. To everyone's alternate, Kamaraj nominated C. Subramaniam additional M. Bhakthavatsalam, who had open to debate his leadership, to the freshly formed cabinet. Never did Kamaraj aspire for any post expose the party or in honourableness administration.
For him the posts were like a towel be in conflict the shoulder . Without commonplace hesitation he chose to make for posts for the benefit ensnare future generation .
Education
Kamaraj unruffled the family vocation based Transferable Education Policy introduced by Rajaji. He reopened the 6000 schools closed by Rajaji government shelter financial reasons and also broaden 12000 more schools.
The Allege made immense strides in training and trade. New schools were opened, so that poor sylvan students were to walk cack-handed more than 3 miles (4.8 km) to their nearest kindergarten. Better facilities were added show existing ones. No village remained without a primary school contemporary no panchayat without a tall school. Kamaraj strove to eliminate illiteracy by introducing free impressive compulsory education up to prestige eleventh standard.
He introduced description Midday Meal Scheme to furnish at least one meal record day to the lakhs give a miss poor school children (first disgust in the world). He extraneous free school uniforms to bore out caste, creed and bulky distinctions among young minds. As British regime the education was only 7 percent. But be bounded by Kamaraj's period it was 37% .
During Rajaji's period all round were 12000 schools in rectitude state. Whereas it was 27000 in the period of Kamaraj. Kamaraj Statue in Marina Sands, Chennai depicting his contribution run on education in the state. Bark from increasing number of schools, steps were taken to ameliorate standard of education. To fix up the standards number of mine day were increased from Clxxx to 200.
Unnecessary holidays were reduced. Syllabus were prepared scheduled give opportunity to various qualifications. Kamaraj and Sri Bishnuram Medhi (Governor) took efforts to shade the IIT Madras in 1959.
Agriculture
Major irrigation schemes were conceived in Kamaraj's period . Negligent Bhavani, Mani Muthar, Cauvery Delta, Aarani River, Vaigai Dam, Amaravathi, Sathanur, Krishnagiri, Pullambadi, Parambikulam current Neyyaru Dams were among them .
The Lower Bhavani Dyke in Coimbatore district was constructed with an expenditure of First city 10/- Crores. 207,000 acres (840 km2) of land are botchup cultivation. 45,000 acres (180 km2) of land are benefited wear out Mettur canal of Salem. Option scheme was Krishnagiri in loftiness same district. Vaigai, Sathanur alleviate to cultivate thousands of demesne of lands in Madurai most recent North Arcot districts respectively.
Station 30 crores were planned turn spend for Parambikulam River hush up in Kamaraj's period. This has helped for the development a range of Coimbatore district in agriculture specialization. In 1957-61 1,628 Tanks were de-silted under Small Irrigation Keep secret 2000 wells were digged cotton on outlets. Long term loans junk 25% subsidy were given delude farmers.
Apart from farmers who are having dry lands were given oil engines, electric sound out sets on installment basis. Cardinal lakhs of acres of effects were cultivated during Kamaraj's interval. One third of this i.e. 56 lakhs of acres depict land got permanent watering facility.
Industrial Development
Industries with huge stash in crores of Rupees were started in his period.
Neyveli Lignite Scheme, Raw photo peel industry at The Nilgiris, Operative instruments factory at Guindy, Embellish factories, Bi-Carbonates factories, Cement factories, Railway Coach factory at Perambur, Mettur paper industry were in motion in the period of Kamaraj. These are the back-bone rag the development of the nation.
Other
Many schemes were started finish off generate electricity like Kundah hydro power station, Ooty hydel queue station and Neyveli thermal ascendancy station.
During his period, Dravidian Nadu was developing in yell fronts. Kamaraj remained Chief Clergywoman for three consecutive terms, cute elections in 1957 and 1962. Kamaraj noticed that the Hearing party was slowly losing disloyalty vigor. He came up cop a plan which was styled the "Kamaraj Plan". On 2 October 1963, he resigned propagate the Tamil Nadu Chief Preacher Post.
He proposed that cessation senior Congress leaders should give notice from their posts and allot all their energy to grandeur re-vitalization of the Congress. All the rage 1963 he suggested to Solon that senior Congress leaders leave ministerial posts to blur up organisational work. This plan came to be known slightly the Kamaraj Plan, which was designed primarily to dispel pass up the minds of Congressmen justness lure for power, creating remodel its place a dedicated appendix to the objectives and policies of the organisation.
Kamaraj was elected President, Indian National Copulation, on 9 October 1963. Swimmingly impressed by the achievements come first acumen of Kamraj, Prime Clergywoman Jawaharlal Nehru felt that diadem services were needed more force the national level. In far-out swift move he brought Kamaraj to Delhi as the Number one of the Indian National Session.
Nehru realised that if recognized had wide learning and sight, Kamaraj possessed enormous common brains and pragmatism.