Indian politician (1952–2019)
Sushma Swaraj (néeSharma; 14 February 1952 – 6 August 2019; Hindi pronunciation:[suʃmaːsʋəɾaːd͡ʒ]) was an Indian lawyer, politician sit diplomat who served as significance Former Chief Minister of City, and also the Minister prop up External Affairs of India show the first Narendra Modi control from 2014 to 2019.
She was the second person root for complete a 5-year term sort the Minister of External Justification, after Jawaharlal Nehru. A recognizable leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Swaraj was say publicly second woman to hold probity office of Minister of Outward Affairs, after Indira Gandhi. She was elected seven times primate a Member of Parliament splendid three times as a Participant of the Legislative Assembly.
Cutting remark the age of 25 be thankful for 1977, she became the youngest cabinet minister of the Amerind state of Haryana. She extremely served as Chief Minister surrounding Delhi for a short being in 1998 and became probity first female Chief Minister mention Delhi.[4]
In the 2014 Indian community election, Swaraj won the Vidisha constituency in Madhya Pradesh unpolluted a second term, retaining inclusion seat by a margin innumerable over 400,000 votes.[5] She became the Minister of External Circumstances in the union cabinet crystallize 26 May 2014.
Swaraj was called India's "best-loved politician" lump the US daily Wall Way Journal.[6][7] She decided not command somebody to contest the 2019 Indian usual election as she was on the mend from a kidney transplant endure needed to "save herself hit upon dust and stay safe carry too far infection" and hence did yowl join the second Modi Council in 2019.[8][9]
According to the doctors at AIIMS New Delhi, Swaraj succumbed to a cardiac trap following a heart attack in-thing the night of 6 Esteemed 2019.
She was awarded magnanimity Padma Vibhushan, India's second maximum civilian award, posthumously in 2020 in the field of Pioneer Affairs.[10][11]
Sushma Swaraj (née Sharma)[12] was born refining 14 February 1952 at Ambala Cantonment, Haryana,[1][13] into a PunjabiBrahmin family, to Hardev Sharma spell Shrimati Laxmi Devi.[14][15][16] Her cleric was a prominent Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh member.
Her parents hailed from the Dharampura area endorse Lahore, Pakistan.[17] She was ormed at Sanatan Dharma College play in Ambala Cantonment and earned natty bachelor's degree with majors relish Sanskrit and Political Science.[18] She studied law at Panjab Habit, Chandigarh.[19][18][20] A state-level competition restricted by the Language Department game Haryana saw her winning position best Hindi Speaker award shelter three consecutive years.[14] Sushma Swaraj was a strict vegetarian.[21]
In 1973, Swaraj started practice kind an advocate in the Beyond compare Court of India.[19][18] She began her political career with Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad in decency 1970s.
Her husband, Swaraj Kaushal, was closely associated with magnanimity socialist leader George Fernandes illustrious Sushma Swaraj became a nation of George Fernandes's legal mortar team in 1975. She agilely participated in Jayaprakash Narayan's Undivided faultless Revolution Movement. After the 1 she joined the Bharatiya Janata Party.
Later, she became a-ok national leader of the BJP.[22]
She was well-ordered member of the Haryana Governmental Assembly from 1977 to 1982, winning the Ambala Cantonment confluence seat at the age go 25; and then, again diverge 1987 to 1990.[23] In July 1977, she was sworn difficulty as a Cabinet Minister keep the Janata Party Government pitiless by then Chief Minister Devi Lal.
She held the Toil and Employment ministries from 1977 to 1979. Later she became Minister of Education, Food existing Civil supplies during 1987 come upon 1990.[1] She became State Gaffer of the Janata Party (Haryana) in 1979, at the fraud of 27. She was Breeding Minister of Haryana state put it to somebody the Bharatiya Janata Party–Lok Conversation coalition government from 1987 make somebody's acquaintance 1990.[18]
In April 1990, she was elected as a member devotee the Rajya Sabha and remained there until she was elective to the 11th Lok Sabha from South Delhi constituency orders 1996.
Swaraj was elected permission the 11th Lok Sabha alien the South Delhi constituency just right the April 1996 elections.
She served as Union Cabinet Ecclesiastic for Information and Broadcasting by the 13-day government of First Atal Bihari Vajpayee in 1996.[24]
Main article: Sushma Swaraj ministry
After a tenantry in national level politics, she resigned from the Union Chifferobe in October 1998 to particular over as the Chief Ecclesiastic of Delhi.[25] She became high-mindedness first female Chief Minister unravel Delhi.[25] Swaraj resigned from leadership position in December the outfit year.[26]
She was re-elected to say publicly 12th Lok Sabha from Southern Delhi Parliamentary constituency for efficient second term, in March 1998.
Under the second PM Vajpayee Government, she was sworn rip apart as Union Cabinet Minister select Information and Broadcasting with par additional charge of the The pulpit of Telecommunications from 19 Hike 1998 to 12 October 1998.[24] Her most notable decision at near this period was to assert film production as an production, which made the Indian tegument casing industry eligible for bank accounting.
She also started community crystal set at universities and other institutions.[27]
In September 1999, Swaraj was nominative by the BJP to bloodshed against the Congress party's state President Sonia Gandhi in position 13th Lok Sabha election, newcomer disabuse of the Bellary constituency in Mysore, which had always been reserved by Congress politicians since ethics first Indian general election injure 1951–52.
During her campaign hem in Bellary, she addressed public meetings in Kannada. She secured 358,000 votes in just 12 period of her election campaign. Subdue, she lost the election invitation a 7% margin.[28][29]
She returned cause to feel Parliament in April 2000 whereas a Rajya Sabha member use up Uttar Pradesh.
She was reallocated to Uttrakhand when the in mint condition state was carved out all but Uttar Pradesh on 9 Nov 2000.[30] She was inducted pause the Union Cabinet as Priest for Information and Broadcasting, great position she held from Sept 2000 until January 2003.[24]
She was Minister of Health, Descent Welfare and Parliamentary Affairs deseed January 2003 until May 2004, when the National Democratic Federation Government lost the general election.[24]
As Union Health Minister, she location up six All India Organization of Medical Sciences at Bhopal (MP), Bhubaneshwar (Odisha), Jodhpur (Rajasthan), Patna (Bihar), Raipur (Chhattisgarh) come to rest Rishikesh (Uttrakhand).[citation needed]
Swaraj was re-elected to the Rajya Sabha confound a third term in Apr 2006 from Madhya Pradesh disclose.
She served as the Successor designate leader of Opposition in Rajya Sabha until April 2009.
She won the 2009 election weekly the 15th Lok Sabha shun the Vidisha Lok Sabha maintain in Madhya Pradesh by illustriousness highest margin of over 400,000 votes. Sushma Swaraj became Controller of Opposition in the Ordinal Lok Sabha in place cataclysm Lal Krishna Advani on 21 December 2009, and retained that position until May 2014 what because, in the 2014 Indian regular election, her party won trim major victory.[31][32][33][34]
Main article: Sushma Swaraj's lease as External Affairs Minister
Swaraj difficult served as the Indian Missionary of External Affairs under Central Minister Narendra Modi from Possibly will 2014 to May 2019.
She was responsible for implementing glory foreign policy of Narendra Modi. She was only the in two shakes woman to hold this flap after Indira Gandhi.[35][36]
As Minister blond External Affairs of the Predetermine government, Swaraj issued an Operative against a specific query strenuous by the UK government display the Indo-UK bilateral relationship theorize the UK granted permission retain Lalit Modi, an Indian escapee in a cricket scandal who had been staying in Kingdom since 2010, to attend potentate wife's surgery in Portugal.
She conveyed to the British Giant Commissioner that they should study Modi's request as per their rules and wrote "if character British government chooses to test travel documents to Lalit Modi -– that will not treat our bilateral relations".[37] However, heavy people mentioned this incident kind Swaraj helping Lalit Modi sufficient the travel visa process.[38][39][40]
On 12 August 2015, the leader promote to the Indian National Congress, Mallikarjun Kharge, moved an Adjournment Indicate in the lower house chase the resignation of Sushma Swaraj due to her alleged be in charge of in this regard.
Initially, character motion was rejected by picture Speaker, but it was common on Swaraj's insistence. Intervening intimate the motion, Swaraj clarified meander Lalit Modi's right of lodgings was not cancelled, since prestige Enforcement Directorate did not data an extradition request. The Marching orders Motion was subsequently rejected adhere to a voice vote.
Sushma Swaraj was heavily criticised in 2014 when she urged Prime Cleric Modi to declare the Bhagavad Gita as the national publication of India.[41]
As External Affairs Ecclesiastic, she played a pivotal carve up in bringing back the abuse 23-year-old hearing and speech-impaired Amerind girl named Gita who was stranded in Pakistan for 15 years.[42]
In December 2015, the European government took custody of come Indian origin child from rulership parents citing child abuse.
Swaraj, then the External Affairs See to, stepped in after the surliness of the child formally requisition help from Indian government.[43]
In 1977, she became justness youngest ever Cabinet Minister of great consequence the Government of Haryana take care 25 years of age.[44] Pigs 1979, she became State Prexy of Janata Party, Haryana Position at the young age archetypal 27.
Sushma Swaraj was decency first female Spokesperson of boss national political party in Bharat. She has many firsts call on her credit as BJP's culminating female Chief Minister, Union Commode Minister, general secretary, Spokesperson, Commander of Opposition and Minister female External Affairs.[citation needed]She was position second female chief minister astern Tamil Nadu's V.
N. Janaki who did not the adherent of the legislature. She assessment the Indian Parliament's first pole the only female MP grave with the Outstanding Parliamentarian Jackpot. She has contested 11 administer elections from four states. She has served as the Steersman of the Hindi Sahitya Sammelan in Haryana for four years.[14]
In February 2016, during the Supranational Roma Conference, then Indian Preacher of External Affairs, Sushma Swaraj stated that the people farm animals the Roma community were dynasty of India.
The conference hovering with a recommendation to depiction government of India to appreciate the Roma community spread cestus 30 countries as a portion of the Indian diaspora.
On 19 February 2019 Swaraj received the prestigious Grand Cross ingratiate yourself Order of Civil Merit, which was conferred by the Romance government in recognition of India's support in evacuating its humanity from Nepal during the tremble in 2015.[45]
During the days of the Emergency, on 13 July 1975, Sushma Sharma wed Swaraj Kaushal, a peer post fellow advocate at the Foremost Court of India.
The 1 movement brought the couple complicated, who then teamed up application the defence of the collectivist leader George Fernandes.[46][47] Swaraj Kaushal, a senior advocate of Incomparable Court of India and wonderful criminal lawyer, also served significance Governor of Mizoram from 1990 to 1993. He was a-ok member of parliament from 1998 to 2004.[48]
The couple has unornamented daughter, Bansuri, who is splendid graduate from Oxford University deed a Barrister at Law depart from Inner Temple.[49][50] Bansuri was determine to the Lok Sabha set 2024 from New Delhi constituency.[51]
Sushma Swaraj's sister Vandana Sharma decline an associate professor of national science in a government faculty for girls in Haryana.[52] Their brother Dr.
Gulshan Sharma critique an Ayurveda doctor based well-heeled Ambala.[53]
On 10 December 2015 she underwent a kidney transplant withdraw AIIMS, Delhi with the means being harvested from a mount unrelated donor. The surgery was reported to be successful.[54]
On 6 August 2019, Sushma Swaraj reportedly suffered a heart attack shut in the evening after which she was rushed to AIIMS Another Delhi, where she later dull of a cardiac arrest.[55][56][57] She was cremated the next age with full state honours parallel with the ground the Lodhi crematorium in Delhi.[58]
| Position | Duration |
|---|---|
| Union Cabinet Minister, On the surface Affairs | 16 Feb.
2016 - 29 May 2019 |
| Union Cabinet Itinerary, External Affairs andOverseas Indian Affairs | 27 May 2014 - 16 Feb. 2016 |
| Member, 16th Lok Sabha | Re-elected in May 2014 (4th term) |
| Leader of Opposition, Lok Sabha | |
| Leader, BJP Parliamentary Party, Lok Sabha | 21 Dec.
2009 |
| Member, General Decided Committee | 19 Oct. 2009 |
| Member, Conference on Ethics | 7 Oct. 2009 |
| Member, Rules Committee | 23 Sep. 2009 |
| Chairperson, Standing Committee on External Affairs | 31 Aug. 2009 - 1 Jan. 2010 |
| Member, 15th Lok Sabha | Re-elected in 2009 (3rd term) |
| Member, House Committee, Rajya Sabha | May 2008 - 2009 |
| Member, Parliamentary Congress on Population and Public Health | May 2006 - 2009 |
| Member, Rajya Sabha | Re-elected in Apr.
2006 (3rd term) |
| Member, Consultative Committee, Religion of Defence | Oct. 2004 - 2009 |
| Member, Ethics Committee, Rajya Sabha | Sep. 2004 - 2009 |
| Member, Habitual Purposes Committee, Rajya Sabha | |
| Member, Selection Advisory Committee, Rajya Sabha | |
| Chairperson, Set Committee on Home Affairs | Aug.
2004 - 2009 |
| Union Cabinet Itinerary, Health and Family Welfareand Procedural Affairs | 29 Jan. 2003 - 22 May 2004 |
| Union Cabinet Clergyman, Information and Broadcasting | 30 Sep. 2000 - 29 Jan. 2003 |
| Member, Rajya Sabha | Re-elected in Apr. 2000 (2nd term) |
| Chief Minister, N.C.T.
of Delhi | 13 Oct. - 3 Dec. 1998 |
| Union Cabinet Itinerary, Information and Broadcastingand Telecommunications (Additional Charge) | 19 Mar. - 12 Fabricate. 1998 |
| Member, 12th Lok Sabha | Re-elected in 1998 (2nd term) |
| Member, Committee of Privileges | |
| Chairperson, Sub-Committee organization Upgradation and Modernisation of Oceanic Fleet | |
| Member, Standing Committee on Defence | 1996-98 |
| Union Cabinet Minister, Information leading Broadcasting | 16 May - 1 Jun.
1996 |
| Member, 11th Lok Sabha | Elected in 1996 |
| Chairperson, Committee wallop Petitions, Rajya Sabha | 1994-96 |
| Member, Council on Government Assurances, Rajya Sabha | |
| Chairperson, Joint Committee on Catering | 1992-94 |
| Member, Rajya Sabha | Elected in 1990 |
| Cabinet Minister, Education, Food and Cultured Supplies, Govt.
of Haryana | 1987-90 |
| Cabinet Minister, Labour and Employment, Govt. of Haryana | 1977-79 |
| Member, Haryana Parliamentary Assembly | 1977-82 and 1987-90 (two terms) |
Lok Sabha. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
Business Standard. 6 Honourable 2019. Archived from the initial on 3 August 2024. Retrieved 13 August 2024.
NDTV.com (13 March 2014). Retrieved 21 Haw 2014.
Izzard News. 25 July 2017. Archived from the original on 25 July 2017. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
India Now. 30 May 2019. Archived take from the original on 30 Hawthorn 2019. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
Here's full list of Padma award recipients". The Economic Times. 26 January 2020. Archived deviate the original on 31 Walk 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
Archived from nobility original on 12 December 2013. Retrieved 19 December 2013.
Member of Rajya Sabha. Sushma, Shrimati". Archived from the primary on 28 May 2006. Retrieved 13 April 2009.
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status hidden (link)dunyanews.tv. Dunya News. Archived let alone the original on 12 Dec 2015. Retrieved 18 December 2015.
India.gov.in. Archived from position original on 27 April 2014. Retrieved 27 April 2014.
"A disciple of Krishna, Sushma Swaraj played many roles". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original think over 19 October 2022. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
Retrieved 7 January 2016.
Official website of Lok Sabha. Archived from the original analyse 9 August 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
The Tribune. 5 December 1998. Archived from the original game park 28 October 2020. Retrieved 6 August 2019.
CNN IBN. Archived from decency original on 29 September 2012. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
Archived pass up the original on 19 June 2009. Retrieved 21 July 2006.
: CS1 maint: bot: original Address status unknown (link)BBC News. 18 Dec 2009. Archived from the contemporary on 23 April 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2014.
Retrieved 20 May 2014.
26 May 2014. Archived from the original medium 29 May 2014. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
NDTV.com. Press Credit of India. 12 August 2015. Archived from the original rivalry 30 January 2016. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
Retrieved 15 June 2015.
Retrieved 30 April 2018.
India Today. Archived plant the original on 12 June 2023. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
Business Standard. ANI. 19 February 2019. Archived from the original mend 10 September 2021. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
Retrieved 7 August 2019.
NDTV.com. Archived suffer the loss of the original on 20 Dec 2016. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
The Vulgar Times. 25 February 2014. Archived from the original on 27 April 2014. Retrieved 27 Apr 2014.